With his two-faced demeanor demonstrated by his spinning head, the Mayor had even more movement than many of the other characters for the animators to address. Stop-motion animation is older than traditional two-dimensional or cellular (cel) animation. Movie viewers’ experience of movement is directly connected to the speed of the moving film. When cinema first began, film cameras had to be hand-cranked. One crank was the equivalent to one frame of film, therefor to keep the film moving and to be able to capture an actor’s movement seamlessly, the camera operator would simply keep cranking. Human brains can identify individual images at a rate of ten to twelve frames per second, yet the more images that are added, the more our brain will “fill in the gaps” and those images appear to move. Early film was shot at a rate of sixteen to twenty frames per second, which is why the first films ever created tend to be choppy. It was later discovered that a higher frame rate led to more fluid movements. Live action films today are shot at a rate between 23.976 and 60 frames per second, while stop-motion animation is shot at 24 frames per second.

Become your own elected official! Begun with the center medallion worked in the round from the center out on DPNs, each ribbon spoke is worked flat individually off the live circle edge. Hanging ribbons are added to the bottom. A duplicate center medallion is created and adorned with hand-stitched letters and attached. Declare yourself the Mayor of Halloween Town, or personalize it for added flare! Adhesive craft felt is added to the back of the costume replica badge for stability, and a sticky pin back allows for easy attachment when it’s time for town proclamations.